Abu Simbel is an ancient temple complex located in Nubia, southern Egypt near the border with Sudan. It was built during the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses II in the 13th century BC, as a lasting monument to the power and wealth of the New Kingdom.
The complex consists of two temples: the Great Temple of Ramesses II and the Small Temple of Hathor. The Great Temple is especially remarkable for its four colossal statues of Ramesses II, each over 20 meters tall, and for the intricate carvings and hieroglyphs that adorn the walls. The Small Temple is dedicated to the goddess of love and music, Hathor, and features elaborate reliefs and paintings.
Abu Simbel was almost completely buried in sand until its rediscovery in the 19th century. The entire complex was carefully dismantled and moved to higher ground in the 1960s, when the construction of the Aswan High Dam threatened to flood the area.
Today, Abu Simbel is a popular tourist destination and an important cultural and historical site, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.
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